# Flight: DEFRA 🇬🇧 :bulb: **High-Level Description:** The Department for Environment, Food, and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) of the United Kingdom plays a key role in shaping environmental policies and approaches to carbon reduction. As part of its sustainability initiatives, DEFRA has developed a carbon calculation methodology specifically for the flight passenger sector, providing a standardized and credible means to evaluate the emissions associated with air travel. DEFRA's methodology for evaluating carbon emissions from passenger flights incorporates a range of factors. These include the aircraft's fuel consumption, flight distance, type of aircraft, and even the indirect effects of high-altitude emissions. The aim is to offer a holistic view of a flight's environmental impact. By developing this standardized approach, DEFRA not only aids the aviation industry in understanding and reducing its carbon footprint but also provides a reliable reference point for policymakers and environmental advocacy groups. **Versioning:** Add `methodology_version` to pin a specific **Conversion Factors** year (e.g., `"2024"`). If omitted, SQUAKE **uses the latest supported year**. *** ### **Sample API Requests** #### A. Without audit mode (for pre-booking/quotes) ```json { "expand": ["items"], "items": [ { "audit": false, "type": "flight", "methodology": "DEFRA", "external_reference": "test_4", "number_of_travelers": 2, "origin": "LON", "destination": "LAX", "booking_class": "first", "aircraft_type": "737", "radiative_forcing_index": true, "energy_scope": "wtw", "methodology_version": "2024" } ] } ``` #### B. With audit mode (for finalized/post-booking calculations) ```json { "expand": ["items"], "audit_for": "", "items": [ { "audit": true, "type": "flight", "methodology": "DEFRA", "external_reference": "test_4", "number_of_travelers": 2, "origin": "LON", "destination": "LAX", "booking_class": "first", "aircraft_type": "737", "radiative_forcing_index": true, "energy_scope": "wtw", "methodology_version": "2024" } ] } ``` > **Note:** `audit_for` is optional. Provide when calculating on behalf of a specific Auditable entity; otherwise omit. * **Default Values** * `"booking_class": "average"` * `"energy_scope": "wtw"` * `"radiative_forcing_index": true` * `"methodology_version"`: **latest supported DEFRA year (default if omitted)** * **Calculation Specifics** * An **8% uplift** is applied to Great Circle Distance (GCD) to account for indirect paths, delays, etc. * If both `distance_in_km` and `origin`/`destination` are provided, **`distance_in_km` takes precedence**. *** ### **API Request Items** * `"type": "flight"` **(required)** * `"methodology": "DEFRA"` **(required)** * `"methodology_version"`: DEFRA **Conversion Factors** year (e.g., `"2024"`). **Optional**; if omitted → **latest supported year**. * `"external_reference"`: Unique identifier (max 128 chars). * `"number_of_travelers"`: Minimum `1` (**default:** `1`). * `"origin"`: For airports use IATA/ICAO code (format: `^[A-Z]{3,4}$`, e.g. `"MUC"`), for other locations used in trade and transportation use UN/LOCODE codes (format: `^[A-Z]{2}\W?[A-Z2-9]{3}$`, e.g. `"DEHAM"`). You can also pass lat/long (format: `^[-+]?\d{1,3}\.\d{1,10}\s?,\s?[-+]?\d{1,3}\.\d{1,10}$`, e.g. `"+40.712,-74.006"`). * `"destination"`: For airports use IATA/ICAO code (format: `^[A-Z]{3,4}$`, e.g. `"MUC"`), for other locations used in trade and transportation use UN/LOCODE codes (format: `^[A-Z]{2}\W?[A-Z2-9]{3}$`, e.g. `"DEHAM"`). You can also pass lat/long (format: `^[-+]?\d{1,3}\.\d{1,10}\s?,\s?[-+]?\d{1,3}\.\d{1,10}$`, e.g. `"+40.712,-74.006"`). * `"distance_in_km"`: If present, **overrides** origin/destination resolution. * `"booking_class"`: If not provided, pass `fare_class` + `airline` to auto-resolve; **default:** `"average"`. * `"aircraft_type"`: IATA/ICAO code; **only applied when at least one airport is in the UK**. * `"fare_class"` / `"airline"`: Mutually exclusive with `"booking_class"`. * `"radiative_forcing_index"`: Apply high-altitude climate impact multiplier (**default:** `true`). * `"sustainable_fuels"`: Indicates SAF use (reduces emissions in SQUAKE; not part of official DEFRA factors). * `"carbon_reduction_percentage_of_total"`: Fraction `0–1` from SAF; **default:** `0`. * `"energy_scope"`: `"wtw"` (**default**) or `"ttw"`. * `"audit"`: boolean (optional). Set to `true` to create immutable audit records for finalized calculations. Must be enabled for your account. *** ### **Aircraft Type Distribution** | Domestic | Short-Haul | Long-Haul | | -------- | ---------- | --------- | | 32N | 32N | 32N | | 32Q | 32Q | 32Q | | 319 | 318 | 320 | | 320 | 319 | 321 | | 321 | 320 | 332 | | AT4 | 321 | 333 | | AT5 | 332 | 339 | | AT7 | 333 | 343 | | 738 | 359 | 359 | | D38 | AT7 | 338 | | ER3 | 7M8 | 7M8 | | ER4 | 7M9 | 738 | | E70 | 733 | 752 | | E90 | 734 | 763 | | E95 | 735 | 764 | | J41 | 736 | 772 | | SF3 | 737 | 773 | | | 738 | 77F | | | 739 | 77W | | | 752 | 788 | | | 753 | 789 | | | 763 | 781 | | | 772 | | | | 77W | | | | 788 | | | | 789 | | | | 221 | | | | 223 | | | | CR9 | | | | DH8 | | | | E70 | | *** ### **Sample API Response** ```json { "carbon_quantity": 15273823, "carbon_unit": "gram", "items": [ { "carbon_quantity": 15273823, "carbon_unit": "gram", "external_reference": "test_4", "type": "flight", "methodology": "DEFRA", "methodology_version": "2024", "distance": 8804.0, "distance_unit": "kilometer" } ] } ``` *** ### **Versions** * **Behavior:** If `methodology_version` is omitted, SQUAKE automatically applies the **latest supported** DEFRA Conversion Factors year. Pin a year for reproducibility and audit readiness. *** ### **Bibliography** * UK Government — **Greenhouse gas emissions: Research & statistics**: * Bramwell, R., et al. (2024). *Government Greenhouse Gas Conversion Factors for Company Reporting — Methodology*. (Methodology paper PDF). --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter: ``` GET https://docs-integration.squake.earth/api-calculations-request-response/travel/flight/flight-defra.md?ask= ``` The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language. The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation. 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